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                    实验指导一
            
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                    什么是中断
            
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                    RISC-V 中的中断
            
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                    动态内存分配
            
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                    实验指导四
            
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                    驱动和块设备驱动
            
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                    实验指导六
            
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                    打包为磁盘镜像
            
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                    解析 ELF 文件并创建线程
            
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                    条件变量
            
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                    小结
            
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                    实验一：中断
            
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                    实验六：系统调用
            
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<li><strong>&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x90FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x53EA;&#x4F1A;&#x5728;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x65F6;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x7ED3;&#x675F;&#x540E;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x518D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; CPU &#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#xFF0C;<strong>&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5171;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E86;</strong>&#x3002;</li>
<li><strong>&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x90FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x5728;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x65F6;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;</strong>&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x901A;&#x7528;&#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x90FD;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x9884;&#x77E5;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x4ECE;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6765;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x3002;&#x4E3A;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;<strong>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C06;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5B58;&#x653E;&#x5230;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6001;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x7279;&#x6743;&#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668; <code>sscratch</code> &#x4E2D;</strong>&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x5728;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6001;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x5728;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x5730;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x505A;&#x6CD5;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x9884;&#x7559;&#x4E00;&#x6BB5;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;</li>
<li>&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5728; <code>sscratch</code> &#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;&#x4E2D;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x6307;&#x9488;  </li>
<li>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x4ECE;&#x5C06; <code>Context</code> &#x538B;&#x5165; <code>sscratch</code> &#x6307;&#x5411;&#x7684;&#x6808;&#x4E2D;&#xFF08;<code>Context</code> &#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x4E3A; <code>sscratch - size_of::&lt;Context&gt;()</code>&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x7528;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6808;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x6765;&#x66FF;&#x6362; <code>sp</code>&#xFF08;&#x6B64;&#x65F6; <code>sp</code> &#x4E5F;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x5230; <code>a0</code> &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; <code>handle_interrupt</code> &#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF09;  </li>
<li>&#x4ECE;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x65F6;&#xFF08;<code>__restore</code> &#x65F6;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;<code>a0</code> &#x5E94;&#x6307;&#x5411;<strong>&#x88AB;&#x538B;&#x5728;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; <code>Context</code></strong>&#x3002;&#x6B64;&#x65F6;&#x51FA;&#x6808; <code>Context</code> &#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5C06;&#x6808;&#x9876;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5230; <code>sscratch</code> &#x4E2D;</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;">&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;</h3>
<h4 id="&#x4E3A;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x9884;&#x7559;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;">&#x4E3A;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x9884;&#x7559;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;</h4>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; <code>static mut</code> &#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E00;&#x6BB5;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x6808;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><p class="code-label">os/src/process/kernel_stack.rs</p><p></p>
<pre><code class="lang-rust"><span class="hljs-comment">/// &#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;</span>
<span class="hljs-meta">#[repr(align(16))]</span>
<span class="hljs-meta">#[repr(C)]</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">pub</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span> <span class="hljs-title">KernelStack</span></span>([<span class="hljs-keyword">u8</span>; KERNEL_STACK_SIZE]);

<span class="hljs-comment">/// &#x516C;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">pub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">mut</span> KERNEL_STACK: KernelStack = KernelStack([<span class="hljs-number">0</span>; STACK_SIZE]);
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x9876;&#x538B;&#x5165;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x72B6;&#x6001; <code>Context</code>&#xFF1A;</p>
<p></p><p class="code-label">os/src/process/kernel_stack.rs</p><p></p>
<pre><code class="lang-rust"><span class="hljs-keyword">impl</span> KernelStack {
    <span class="hljs-comment">/// &#x5728;&#x6808;&#x9876;&#x52A0;&#x5165; Context &#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6808;&#x9876;&#x6307;&#x9488;</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">pub</span> <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">fn</span> <span class="hljs-title">push_context</span></span>(&amp;<span class="hljs-keyword">mut</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>, context: Context) -&gt; *<span class="hljs-keyword">mut</span> Context {
        <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x6808;&#x9876;</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> stack_top = &amp;<span class="hljs-keyword">self</span>.<span class="hljs-number">0</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> *<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> _ <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> usize + size_of::&lt;<span class="hljs-keyword">Self</span>&gt;();
        <span class="hljs-comment">// Context &#x7684;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> push_address = (stack_top - size_of::&lt;Context&gt;()) <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> *<span class="hljs-keyword">mut</span> Context;
        <span class="hljs-keyword">unsafe</span> {
            *push_address = context;
        }
        push_address
    }
}
</code></pre>
<h4 id="&#x4FEE;&#x6539;-interruptasm">&#x4FEE;&#x6539; <code>interrupt.asm</code></h4>
<p>&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6C47;&#x7F16;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x52A0;&#x5165;&#x5BF9; <code>sscratch</code> &#x7684;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x548C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><p class="code-label">os/src/interrput/interrupt.asm</p><p></p>
<pre><code class="lang-asm">__interrupt:
    # &#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x6808;&#x4E0D;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x5230;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x6765;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58; Context &#x5E76;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;
    # &#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; sscratch &#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x5730;&#x5740;
    # &#x601D;&#x8003;&#xFF1A;sscratch &#x7684;&#x503C;&#x6700;&#x521D;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#xFF1F;

    # &#x4EA4;&#x6362; sp &#x548C; sscratch&#xFF08;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x5230;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#xFF09;
    csrrw   sp, sscratch, sp
    # &#x5728;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x5F00;&#x8F9F; Context &#x7684;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;
    addi    sp, sp, -36*8

    # &#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x901A;&#x7528;&#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x9664;&#x4E86; x0&#xFF08;&#x56FA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E3A; 0&#xFF09;
    SAVE    x1, 1
    # &#x5C06;&#x672C;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x6808;&#x5730;&#x5740; sp&#xFF08;&#x5373; x2&#xFF09;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;
    csrr    x1, sscratch
    SAVE    x1, 2

    # ...
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x4E8B;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#xFF1A;</p>
<p></p><p class="code-label">os/src/interrupt/interrupt.asm</p><p></p>
<pre><code class="lang-asm"># &#x79BB;&#x5F00;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;
# &#x6B64;&#x65F6;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x9876;&#x88AB;&#x63A8;&#x5165;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Context&#xFF0C;&#x800C; a0 &#x6307;&#x5411;&#x5B83;
# &#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x4ECE; Context &#x4E2D;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5C06; Context &#x51FA;&#x6808;&#xFF08;&#x7528; sscratch &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF09;
# &#x6700;&#x540E;&#x8DF3;&#x8F6C;&#x81F3;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x7684; sepc &#x7684;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;
__restore:
    # &#x4ECE; a0 &#x4E2D;&#x8BFB;&#x53D6; sp
    # &#x601D;&#x8003;&#xFF1A;a0 &#x662F;&#x5728;&#x54EA;&#x91CC;&#x88AB;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x7684;&#xFF1F;&#xFF08;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF09;
    mv      sp, a0
    # &#x6062;&#x590D; CSR
    LOAD    t0, 32
    LOAD    t1, 33
    csrw    sstatus, t0
    csrw    sepc, t1
    # &#x5C06;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5199;&#x5165; sscratch
    addi    t0, sp, 36*8
    csrw    sscratch, t0

    # &#x6062;&#x590D;&#x901A;&#x7528;&#x5BC4;&#x5B58;&#x5668;
    # ...
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x5C0F;&#x7ED3;">&#x5C0F;&#x7ED3;</h3>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x9C81;&#x68D2;&#x5730;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E3A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x51C6;&#x5907;&#x597D;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x6808;&#xFF0C;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x65F6;&#x4F1A;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x5230;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="&#x601D;&#x8003;">&#x601D;&#x8003;</h4>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6808;&#x7684;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x6808;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x88AB;&#x91CA;&#x653E;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x88AB;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x91CA;&#x653E;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF1F;</p>
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